Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Accipitriformes > Accipitridae > Circus > Circus aeruginosus
 

Circus aeruginosus (Western Marsh Harrier)

Wikipedia Abstract

The Western Marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus) is a large harrier, a bird of prey from temperate and subtropical western Eurasia and adjacent Africa. It is also known as the Eurasian Marsh-harrier. Formerly, a number of relatives were included in C. aeruginosus, which was then known as "Marsh Harrier". The related taxa are now generally considered to be separate species: the Eastern Marsh-harrier (C. spilonotus) and the possibly distinct Papuan Harrier (C.
View Wikipedia Record: Circus aeruginosus

Infraspecies

Circus aeruginosus aeruginosus
Circus aeruginosus harterti

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  1.57 lbs (711 g)
Birth Weight [2]  40 grams
Female Weight [1]  1.79 lbs (814 g)
Male Weight [1]  1.34 lbs (609 g)
Weight Dimorphism [1]  33.7 %
Female Maturity [3]  2 years
Male Maturity [3]  2 years
Clutch Size [4]  4
Maximum Longevity [3]  20 years
Speed [5]  25.05 MPH (11.2 m/s)
Wing Span [5]  3.8 feet (1.16 m)

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Map Climate Land
Use
Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests Greece, Turkey, Macedonia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub  
Alashan Plateau semi-desert China, Mongolia Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Albertine Rift montane forests Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi,Tanzania Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Alps conifer and mixed forests Italy, France, Switzerland, Slovenia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Altai alpine meadow and tundra China, Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Altai montane forest and forest steppe China, Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Altai steppe and semi-desert Kazahkstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests Turkey Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Angolan Miombo woodlands Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Appenine deciduous montane forests Italy Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert Oman, Yemen, Saudi Arabia Afrotropic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Atlantic mixed forests France, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Tajikistan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Balkan mixed forests Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Baltic mixed forests Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Poland Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Baluchistan xeric woodlands Pakistan, Afghanistan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Cameroonian Highlands forests Cameroon, Nigeria Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub  
Cantabrian mixed forests Spain, Portugal Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Carpathian montane forests Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests Iran, Azerbaijan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
Caspian lowland desert Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands  
Caucasus mixed forests Georgia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Celtic broadleaf forests Ireland, United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests  
Central Anatolian deciduous forests Turkey Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Central Anatolian steppe Turkey Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Central European mixed forests Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Lithuania, Moldovia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Central Korean deciduous forests Republic of Korea, Dem. People's Rep of Korea Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Central Persian desert basins Iran, Afghanistan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe China Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands Tanzania, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests France Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Crimean Submediterranean forest complex Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Cross-Niger transition forests Nigeria Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Cyprus Mediterranean forests Cyprus Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Deccan thorn scrub forests India, Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Dinaric Mountains mixed forests Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Slovenia, Yugoslavia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
East African mangroves Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia Afrotropic Mangroves
East African montane forests Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
East Deccan dry-evergreen forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
East European forest steppe Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
East Sudanian savanna Chad, Central African Republic, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Eastern Anatolian montane steppe Iran, Turkey, Armenia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Eastern Arc forests Tanzania, Kenya Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests Turkey, Jordan, Israel, Syria Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Eastern Miombo woodlands Tanzania, Mozambique Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic Zimbabwe, Mozambique Afrotropic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Emin Valley steppe China, Kazakstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
English Lowlands beech forests United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
Ethiopian montane forests Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands Ethiopia, Eritrea Afrotropic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Ethiopian montane moorlands Ethiopia Afrotropic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia Afrotropic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests Turkey Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Goadavari-Krishna mangroves India Indo-Malayan Mangroves
Guinean forest-savanna mosaic Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Guinea-Bissau, Gambia, Senegal Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert Oman, United Arab Emirates Afrotropic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests India, Bhutan, Nepal Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Himalayan subtropical pine forests India, Bhutan, Nepal Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests
Iberian conifer forests Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Spain, Portugal Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Illyrian deciduous forests Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Indus Valley desert Pakistan Indo-Malayan Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna Mali Afrotropic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Italy, France Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Itigi-Sumbu thicket Tanzania, Zambia Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic Nigeria Afrotropic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Junggar Basin semi-desert China, Kazakstan, Mongolia Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe Iran, Turkmenistan Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Lake Chad flooded savanna Nigeria, Chad, Niger Afrotropic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests Bangladesh, India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Malabar Coast moist forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests Maldives Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests    
Mandara Plateau mosaic Cameroon, Nigeria Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets Morocco, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Mediterranean woodlands and forests Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Meghalaya subtropical forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Mesopotamian shrub desert Iraq, Syria, Jordan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Middle East steppe Syria, Iraq Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests Myanmar, India, Bangladesh Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Niger Delta swamp forests Nigeria Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Nigerian lowland forests Nigeria, Benin Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Nile Delta flooded savanna Egypt Palearctic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
North Western Ghats montane rain forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests France, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Central African Republic, Cameroon Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Northern dry deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Northwest Iberian montane forests Portugal, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Northwestern Congolian lowland forests Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows China, Pakistan, India Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Northwestern thorn scrub forests India, Pakistan Indo-Malayan Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Orissa semi-evergreen forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Pamir alpine desert and tundra China, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Pannonian mixed forests Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Paropamisus xeric woodlands Afghanistan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Pindus Mountains mixed forests Albania, Greece Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Po Basin mixed forests Italy Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Pontic steppe Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests Spain, France, Andorra Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh India, Pakistan Indo-Malayan Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert Egypt, Jordan, Saudia Arabia, Yemen, Oman Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Rodope montane mixed forests Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Sahara desert Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Algeria, Mauritania, Mali, Chad, Niger Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Saharan flooded grasslands Sudan Afrotropic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
Saharan halophytics Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, Western Sahara Palearctic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
Sahelian Acacia savanna Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Sarmatic mixed forests Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Russia, Sweden Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Scandinavian and Russian taiga Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Serengeti volcanic grasslands Tanzania Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Socotra Island xeric shrublands Yemen Afrotropic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert Iran, Iraq, Pakistan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic Malawi, Mozambique Afrotropic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
South Saharan steppe and woodlands Mauritania, Mali, Algeria, Niger, Chad, Sudan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
South Western Ghats montane rain forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets Tanzania, Kenya Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Southern Africa bushveld Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Southern Korea evergreen forests South Korea Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Southern Miombo woodlands Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic Malawi, Tanzania Afrotropic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic Mozambique, Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman Afrotropic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Sri Lanka lowland rain forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sri Lanka montane rain forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sulaiman Range alpine meadows Afghanistan, Pakistan Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests Bangladesh, India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sundarbans mangroves Bangladesh, India Indo-Malayan Mangroves
Taklimakan desert China Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe China Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands Bhutan, India, Nepal Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Thar desert India, Pakistan Indo-Malayan Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Tian Shan foothill arid steppe China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Tian Shan montane conifer forests China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Tibetan Plateau alpine shrub and meadows China Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh Iran, Iraq Palearctic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests India Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
West Sudanian savanna Senegal, Guinea, Mali, Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Nigeria Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Western European broadleaf forests Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows India, Nepal Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests India, Pakistan, Nepal Indo-Malayan Temperate Coniferous Forests
Western Zambezian grasslands Angola, Zambia Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe China Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Zagros Mountains forest steppe Iran Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Zambezian and Mopane woodlands South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Namibia, Malawi Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Zambezian coastal flooded savanna Mozambique Afrotropic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests Zambia Afrotropic Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Zambezian flooded grasslands Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia Afrotropic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Badghyz Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 215164 Turkmenistan  
Bamingui-Bangoran Conservation Area National Park II 2783298 Central African Republic  
Barguzinskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik Ia 924970 Buryatia, Russia
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve National Park II 218515 Belarus
Berezinskiy Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 209113 Belarus  
Beskid Niski 375518 Poland  
Bory Dolnoslaskie 425252 Poland  
Bory Tucholskie 797004 Poland  
Camargue 546256 France  
Chernye Zemli Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik IV 621951 Russia  
DOÑANA 281453 Spain  
Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve 1433211 Romania
Darvinsky Zapovednik Ia 278421 Yaroslavl, Vologda, Russia
Daurskiy Biosphere Reserve 562659 Russia  
Desert National Park II 672840 Rajasthan, India  
Dolina Biebrzy 299507 Poland  
ETHNIKO THALASSIO PARKO ALONNISOU - VOREION SPORADON, ANATOLIKI SKOPELOS 615652 Greece      
Fitzgerald River National Park II 732417 Western Australia, Australia
Flusslandschaft Elbe Biosphere Reserve 925242 Germany  
Gaujas nacionalais parks 227982 Latvia  
Grampians National Park II 416373 Victoria, Australia
Hortobágy 298489 Hungary  
Hwange National Park II 3651385 Zimbabwe  
IJsselmeer 279946 Netherlands    
Kamchiyska Mountain 219637 Bulgaria  
Kanha Tiger Reserve National Park II 223971 Madhya Pradesh, India
Kaplankyr Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 1293994 Turkmenistan  
Katavi National Park II 1054210 Tanzania
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 692723 Krasnodar, Karachay-Cherkessia, Adygea, Russia
Khazar Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 658105 Turkmenistan  
Korup National Park II 322100 Cameroon
Kotlenska Mountain 245286 Bulgaria  
Kruger National Park II 4718115 Mpumalanga, South Africa
Kudremukh National Park II 202772 Karnataka, India  
LA SERENA Y SIERRAS PERIFÉRICAS 379806 Spain  
LIMNES KORONEIAS - VOLVIS, STENA RENTINAS KAI EVRYTERI PERIOCHI 399400 Greece  
Lasy Puszczy nad Drawa 470190 Poland  
Les Cévennes 227446 France  
Les Ecrins 227201 France  
Luberon Regional Nature Park V 406572 France  
MONFRAGÜE Y LAS DEHESAS DEL ENTORNO 287016 Spain  
MONTES DE TOLEDO 538722 Spain  
Macquarie Island Nature Reserve Ia 233540 Tasmania, Australia  
Marahoue National Park II 293884 Côte d'Ivoire  
Merenkurkun saaristo 316695 Finland    
Mount Kulal Biosphere Reserve 1729738 Kenya  
Murgia Alta 311059 Italy  
Nouabalï-Ndoki National Park II 1013529 Congo  
Ostoja Augustowska 264573 Poland  
Ostoja Biebrzanska 366973 Poland  
Ostoja Drawska 380310 Poland  
Ostoja Inska 216738 Poland  
Ostoja Knyszynska 336272 Poland  
Ostoja Warminska 350930 Poland  
Ostoja nad Barycza 202692 Poland  
PERIOCHI THESSALIKOU KAMPOU 236223 Greece  
Parc National de Waza National Park II 349858 Cameroon  
Parc National de la Lopé National Park 1227419 Gabon  
Pflaelzerwald Nature Park V 438818 Germany
Provadiysko-Royaksko plateau 207644 Bulgaria  
Puszcza Augustowska 332055 Poland  
Puszcza Biala 207024 Poland  
Puszcza Knyszynska 344935 Poland  
Puszcza Napiwodzko-Ramucka 288136 Poland  
Puszcza Notecka 440480 Poland  
Puszcza Piska 427004 Poland  
Puszcza Sandomierska 319052 Poland  
Pärnu lahe 270781 Estonia  
Rajaji National Park II 196637 Uttaranchal, India  
Ramsar-Gebiet S-H Wattenmeer und angrenzende Küstengebiete 1146339 Germany  
Reserve de la Biosphere de la Pendjari Biosphere Reserve 217453 Benin  
Reserve de la Biosphere des Vosges du Nord Biosphere Reserve 301469 France  
Royal Chitwan National Park II 292637 Nepal  
Roztocze 255762 Poland  
SIERRA NEVADA 424554 Spain  
SIERRAS DE DEMANDA, URBIÓN, CEBOLLERA Y CAMEROS 342683 Spain  
Sakar 310629 Bulgaria  
Sanjay Gandhi National Park II 439343 Maharashtra, India
Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve 319164 Germany
Serengeti-Ngorongoro Biosphere Reserve 5696026 Tanzania  
Sierra de Martés-Muela de Cortes 349412 Spain  
Sikhote-Alinskiy Biosphere Reserve 978001 Russia  
Socotra Archipelago Biosphere Reserve 6626477 Yemen  
Sokhondinskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 521363 Chita, Russia
Sredna Gora 244788 Bulgaria  
Strandzha 285202 Bulgaria  
Sumava Biosphere Reserve 412955 Czech Republic  
Sunderban National Park 261613 India  
TIERRA DE CAMPIÑAS 344575 Spain  
The W Region National Park II 549843 Niger  
The Wash and North Norfolk Coast 266284 England, United Kingdom
Tsavo National Park II 3232255 Kenya
Väinamere 670389 Estonia  
Waddensea of Lower Saxony Biosphere Reserve 539522 Germany  
Waddensea of Schleswig-Holstein Biosphere Reserve 724639 Germany
Waddenzee 672193 Netherlands    
Way Kambas National Park II 306926 Sumatra, Indonesia
Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve V 567531 Yunnan, China  
Yathong Nature Reserve Ia 270264 New South Wales, Australia
Zempléni-hegység a Szerencsi-dombsággal és a Hernád-völggyel 284651 Hungary  

Important Bird Areas

BirdLife Species Factsheet: View Factsheet
Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Map   Climate   Land Use 
Albufera de Mallorca and Albufereta de Pollença marshes Spain A1, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C6  
Alcázar de San Juan-Quero endorreic lagoons Spain A1, A4i, B1i, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C3, C6
Ameland: Duinen-Oerd Netherlands A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6  
Ampurdán marshes Spain A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Anse de Fouras, baie d'Yves et marais de Rochefort France A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Anse du Fiers d'Ars en Ré France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Baie de Bourgneuf et marais breton France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Balta Albă: Amara: Jirlău Romania C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Balta Mică a Brăilei Romania C1, C2, C4, C6
Barrinha de Esmoriz/Lagoa de Paramos Portugal C6
Barycz river valley Poland C1, C3, C4, C6
Basse Vallée du Doubs : Dole Sud France B2, C6
Bay of Kilsviken Sweden B2, C2, C6
Belver de los Montes-Gallegos del Pan Spain A1, B2, C1, C2, C6
Benacre to Easton Bavents United Kingdom C6
Biebrza river valley Poland C1, C2, C6
Biesbosch Netherlands A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Blahniţa Romania C1, C2, C3, C6
Brenne centrale France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B1iv, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Brenne Sud France C6
Broadland United Kingdom B1i, B2, C3, C6  
Buhuşu reservoir: Bacău: Tătărăşti Romania C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Camargue France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Castrejón reservoir Spain C6
Castronuño-Zamora Spain C6
Câmpia Crişurilor Romania C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Câmpia Nirului: Valea lerului Romania C1, C6
Cefa fish-ponds and Radvani wood Romania C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Cinca river rice fields and steppe area Spain A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Cinco Villas ponds Spain C6
Cogul-Alfés steppes Spain B2, C2, C6
Cortados del Jarama Spain A1, A4i, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C6
Danube Delta Romania C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Dättern Sweden B2, C6
Deben Estuary United Kingdom C6
Derventski Heights Bulgaria B2, C6
Doupov hills Czech Republic A1, B2, B3, C1, C6
Durankulak Lake Bulgaria A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Estuaire de la Gironde : marais du Blayais France C6
Estuaire de la Gironde : marais du Nord Médoc France B2, C6
Estuaire et embouchure de la Seine France A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Etangs d'Argonne France B2, C6
Etangs de la Woëvre: la Chaussée France A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Etangs de Leucate et Lapalme France A4i, A4iii, A4iv, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Etangs de Sologne: St Viatre, Marcilly-en-Gault et forêt de Bruadan France B1i, B2, C3, C6
Etangs de Vendres, Pissevache et Lespignan France B1i, B2, C2, C6
Etangs et marais du bassin de la Somme France B2, C6
Etangs Montpellierains France A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Färnebofjärden Sweden A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C6
Forêt de la Reine France C6
Garonne : marais de Bordeaux France B2, C6
Golfe du Morbihan et Etier de Penerf France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Grado and Marano lagoon Italy A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Guadalquivir marshes Spain A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Hermansky stav-Odra-Poolsi wetlands Czech Republic B2, C6
Humber Estuary United Kingdom A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Iazurile de pe Văile Ibănesei: Başeului: Podrigăi Romania C1, C2, C4, C6
IJzervallei-De Blankaart Belgium A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Ile d'Oléron, marais de Brouage-Saint-Agnant France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Iseo peatlands Italy B3, C6
Kahtla-Kübassaare Estonia A4i, A4iii, B1i, C2, C3, C4, C6
Krekengebied Belgium A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C6
Kvismaren Sweden A4i, B1i, B3, C2, C3, C6
La Dombes France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Lac de Grand-Lieu France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Lac du Der-Chantecoq et étangs latéraux France A4i, A4iii, A4iv, B1i, B1iv, B2, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6
Lacs de la Forêt d'Orient France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B1iv, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Lake Hornborgasjön Sweden A4i, B1i, B1iv, B2, B3, C2, C3, C5, C6
Lake Massaciuccoli Italy A1, A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6
Lake Tämnaren Sweden A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C6
Lake Tåkern Sweden A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Lake Vendelsjön Sweden A4i, B1i, C2, C3, C6
Las Cañas lake Spain A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Lauwersmeer Netherlands A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C6  
Llobregat delta Spain A1, A4i, A4ii, B1i, B1ii, B2, C1, C2, C3, C6
Mandra-Poda complex Bulgaria A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Marais arrières littoraux picards France B3, C6
Marais de Brière France B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C6
Marais de la Baie d'Audierne France A1, A4i, B1i, C1, C3, C6
Marais de la Souche France C6
Marais entre Crau et Grand Rhône: Meyranne, Chanoine, Plan de Bourg et Salins du Caban France A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Marais et estuaire de la Seudre France A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Marais poitevin et baie de l'Aiguillon France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
March/Thaya riverine forest Austria B2, B3, C6
Middle section of river Guadalquivir reservoirs Spain B1iii, B2, C2, C6
Middle Warta River Valley Poland C1, C6
Minho and Coura estuaries Portugal C6
Minsmere: Walberswick United Kingdom B3, C6
Mondego Estuary Portugal A4i, B1i, C3, C6
Mouth of the Emajõgi river and Piirissaar island Estonia A1, A4i, B1i, C1, C2, C6
Mullutu Estonia A4i, A4iii, B1i, C2, C3, C4, C6
Neusiedler See Austria A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
North Norfolk Coast United Kingdom A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6  
Oostvaardersplassen Netherlands A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Paul do Taipal Portugal A4i, B1i, C6
Pedro Muñoz-Manjavacas endorreic lagoons Spain A1, A4i, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C3, C6
Petite Camargue fluvio-lacustre France A1, A4i, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C6
Petite Camargue laguno-marine France A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C6
Pitillas and Dos Reinos lagoons Spain C6
Plaine du Forez France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Polderkomplex Belgium A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6  
Poodri Czech Republic A4iii, B2, B3, C3, C4, C6
Redbeeds and copses of Aranjuez Spain C6
Ria de Aveiro Portugal A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
River Ebro ox-bow lakes Spain C6
River Helgeån Sweden A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C6
River Po: from the mouth of Adda river to Ostiglia Italy A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C6
River Po: from Ticino mouth to Adda mouth Italy A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Rivers Cinca and Alcanadre riverine forest Spain B1i, C2, C6
Sado estuary Portugal A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C4, C6
Salinas de Alverca e do Forte da Casa Portugal B2, C6
Santo André and Sancha lagoons Portugal A4i, B1i, B2, C3, C6
Sariñena lake and La Estación pond Spain C6
Satchinez marsh Romania C1, C6
Schorren en Polder van de Beneden-Schelde Belgium A4i, A4iii, B1i, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Storage lakes on the lower Inn Austria A4iii, C4, C6
Tablas de Daimiel marshes; 'Vicario' and 'Gasset' reservoirs and Malagón lakes Spain A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C6
Talamanca-Camarma Spain A1, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6
Tarancón-Ocaña-Corral de Almaguer Spain A1, B2, C1, C2, C6
Tejo estuary Portugal A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Terschelling: Dunes and Noordvaarder Netherlands A4iii, C4, C6  
The Wash United Kingdom A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C2, C3, C4, C6
Tierra de Campos steppes Spain A1, A4i, A4ii, B1i, B1iii, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C6
Trebonsko (Trebon region) Czech Republic A1, A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C6
Vallée de la Conie et Beauce centrale France B1i, B2, B3, C2, C6
Vallée de la Meuse France A1, B2, C1, C6
Vallée de la Saône de Corre à Broye France B2, B3, C6
Vallée du Rhin : Marckolsheim à Strasbourg France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, B3, C3, C4, C6
Vallée du Rhin : Strasbourg à Lauterbourg France A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C3, C4, C6
Vallées de la Scarpe et de l'Escaut France B1i, C3, C6
Väinameri Estonia A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6
Võrtsjärv Estonia A1, A4i, B1i, C1, C2, C3, C6
Vilamoura Portugal C6
Villafáfila Spain A1, A4i, A4ii, B1i, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C3, C6
Western part of lake Mälaren Sweden A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C3, C6
Zhrebchevo Reservoir Bulgaria A4i, B1i, C2, C3, C6
Zlatiata Bulgaria B2, B3, C6
Zwin Belgium B1i, B3, C3, C6  

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website Map
Caucasus Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Russia, Turkey No
Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania No
Eastern Afromontane Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zimbabwe No
Guinean Forests of West Africa Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Togo No
Himalaya Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan No
Horn of Africa Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Oman, Somalia, Yemen No
Indo-Burma Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Viet Nam No
Irano-Anatolian Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Turkmenistan No
Mediterranean Basin Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey No
Mountains of Central Asia Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan No
Philippines Philippines No
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka India, Sri Lanka No

Prey / Diet

Fulica atra (Eurasian Coot)[6]
Lepus europaeus (European Hare)[6]
Microtus agrestis (field vole)[6]
Microtus arvalis (common vole)[6]
Microtus oeconomus (tundra vole)[6]
Myocastor coypus (nutria)[7]
Podiceps cristatus (Great Crested Grebe)[6]
Talpa europaea (European Mole)[6]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Competing SpeciesCommon Prey Count
Aegolius funereus (Boreal Owl)1
Aquila clanga (Greater Spotted Eagle)1
Aquila heliaca (Asian Imperial Eagle)1
Ardea cinerea (Grey Heron)3
Asio flammeus (Short-eared Owl)1
Asio otus (Long-eared Owl)3
Athene noctua (Little Owl)1
Bubo bubo (Eurasian Eagle-Owl)1
Buteo buteo (Common Buzzard)3
Buteo hemilasius (Upland Buzzard)1
Ciconia ciconia (White Stork)3
Circus cyaneus (Northern Harrier)1
Circus pygargus (Montagu's Harrier)1
Corvus corax (Northern Raven)2
Elaphe longissima (Aesculapean Snake)3
Falco tinnunculus (Eurasian Kestrel)2
Felis silvestris (Wildcat)2
Gypaetus barbatus (Bearded Vulture)1
Haliaeetus leucogaster (White-bellied Sea Eagle)2
Lanius collurio (Red-backed Shrike)2
Lanius excubitor (Northern Shrike)1
Lynx lynx (Eurasian Lynx)1
Martes martes (European Pine Marten)1
Milvus migrans (Black Kite)1
Milvus milvus (Red Kite)2
Mustela erminea (Ermine)4
Mustela nivalis (Least Weasel)3
Mustela putorius (European Polecat)2
Strix aluco (Tawny Owl)4
Strix uralensis (Ural Owl)1
Tyto alba (Barn Owl)1
Vulpes vulpes (Red Fox)4

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Apharyngostrigea flexilis <Unverified Name>[8]
Apharyngostrigea intermedia[8]
Baruscapillaria falconis <Unverified Name>[8]
Centrorhynchus aluconis[8]
Centrorhynchus buteonis[8]
Centrorhynchus globocaudatus[8]
Ceratophyllus fringillae[9]
Cladotaenia circi <Unverified Name>[8]
Cladotaenia cylindracea <Unverified Name>[8]
Cladotaenia feuta <Unverified Name>[8]
Cladotaenia globifera[8]
Conodiplostomum spathula <Unverified Name>[8]
Cotylurus cornutus <Unverified Name>[8]
Diplostomum spathaceum[8]
Echinochasmus bursicola <Unverified Name>[8]
Echinochasmus euryporus <Unverified Name>[8]
Eustrongylides tubifex <Unverified Name>[8]
Hemistomum spatula <Unverified Name>[8]
Holometra exigua <Unverified Name>[8]
Holostomum macrocephalum <Unverified Name>[8]
Holostomum variabile <Unverified Name>[8]
Linstowiella viviparae <Unverified Name>[8]
Mesopsylla tuschkan tuschkan[9]
Metorchis bilis <Unverified Name>[8]
Metorchis crassiusculus <Unverified Name>[8]
Neodiplostomum attenuatum <Unverified Name>[8]
Neodiplostomum cochleare <Unverified Name>[8]
Neodiplostomum conicum <Unverified Name>[8]
Neodiplostomum pseudattenuatum <Unverified Name>[8]
Neodiplostomum spathoides <Unverified Name>[8]
Neodiplostomum spathula <Unverified Name>[8]
Nosopsyllus laeviceps laeviceps[9]
Notaulus asiaticus <Unverified Name>[8]
Opisthorchis asiaticus <Unverified Name>[8]
Opisthorchis dendriticus <Unverified Name>[8]
Opisthorchis geminus <Unverified Name>[8]
Opisthorchis longissimus <Unverified Name>[8]
Opisthorchis simulans <Unverified Name>[8]
Paracoenogonimus ovatus <Unverified Name>[8]
Parastrigea flexilis <Unverified Name>[8]
Pelecitus armenicus <Unverified Name>[8]
Philophthalmus lucipetus[8]
Philophthalmus nocturnus[8]
Plagiorchis elegans[8]
Platynosomum semifuscum <Unverified Name>[8]
Porrocaecum angusticolle <Unverified Name>[8]
Porrocaecum depressum <Unverified Name>[8]
Procyrnea leptoptera <Unverified Name>[8]
Prosthogonimus cuneatus[8]
Prosthogonimus ovatus[8]
Pseudostrigea buteonis <Unverified Name>[8]
Strigea falconis[8]
Strigea strigis <Unverified Name>[8]
Synhimantus laticeps <Unverified Name>[8]
Trichinella pseudospiralis[8]
Tylodelphys clavata[8]
Tylodelphys excavata <Unverified Name>[8]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Al Ain Zoo
Giza Zoological Garden
Kharkiv Zoo
Miejski Ogrod Zoologiczny w Lodz
Miejski Ogrod Zoologiczny Warsaw
Nikolaev Zoo of Nikolaev-City Council
Permskii Zoologicheskii Sad
Podkrusnohorsky Zoopark Chomutov
Riga Zoo
Rome Zoo-Fondazione Bioparco di Roma
Silesian Zoological Garden
The Raptor Foundation
The Tisch Family Zoological Gardensaeruginosus
Zoological Center Tel Aviv - Ramat Gan
Zoologicka zahrada Bojnice
Zoologicka Zahrada Mesta Brna
Zoologicka zahrada Olomouc

Range Map

Link to Map
Vallée de la Haine en aval de Mons (Bernissart; Boussu; Hensies; Jurbise; Mons; Quaregnon; Saint-Ghi;

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Peterson A.P., 22-Sep-2011, ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Bavoux, C., Burneleau, G. & Bretagnolle, V. (2006). Gender determination in the western marsh harrier (Circus aerugi- nosus) using morphometrics and discriminant analysis. J. Raptor Res. 40, 57–64. ♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 3de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 4Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 5Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197 ♦ 6Nestling diet and parental provisioning behaviour in the Marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus), Marcin BRZEZIŃSKI, Michał ŻMIHORSKI, Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 2009, Volumen 19, Numerus 2 ♦ 7Myocastor coypus, Charles A. Woods, Luis Contreras, Gale Willner-Chapman, and Howard P. Whidden, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 398, pp. 1-8 (1992) ♦ 8Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 9International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 gis.wwfus.org/wildfinder
Protected Areas provided by Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators. ♦ Natura 2000, UK data: © Crown copyright and database right [2010] All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100017955 ♦ GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Biodiversity Hotspots, Conservation International
Important Bird Areas provided by BirdLife International (2010) Important Bird Areas. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 29/12/2010
Images provided by Wikimedia Commons licensed under a Creative Commons License
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Range map provided by BirdLife International (2011) Bird species distribution maps of the world.
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by International Species Information System - May 2011