Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Turdidae > Turdus > Turdus pilaris
 

Turdus pilaris (Fieldfare)

Language: French

Wikipedia Abstract

The Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. It breeds in woodland and scrub in northern Europe and Asia. It is strongly migratory, with many northern birds moving south during the winter. It is a very rare breeder in Great Britain and Ireland, but winters in large numbers in these countries. It nests in trees, laying several eggs in a neat nest. Unusually for a thrush, they often nest in small colonies, possibly for protection from large crows.
View Wikipedia Record: Turdus pilaris

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  106 grams
Birth Weight [2]  6.8 grams
Female Maturity [1]  1 year
Male Maturity [1]  1 year
Clutch Size [3]  6
Maximum Longevity [1]  18 years
Migration [4]  Intracontinental
Speed [5]  29.08 MPH (13 m/s)
Wing Span [5]  16 inches (.42 m)

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Map Climate Land
Use
Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests Greece, Turkey, Macedonia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub  
Alps conifer and mixed forests Italy, France, Switzerland, Slovenia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests Turkey Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Appenine deciduous montane forests Italy Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Egypt , Iraq, Jordan, Syria Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Atlantic mixed forests France, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Balkan mixed forests Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Baltic mixed forests Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Poland Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Caledon conifer forests United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Cantabrian mixed forests Spain, Portugal Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Carpathian montane forests Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests Iran, Azerbaijan Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
Caspian lowland desert Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands  
Caucasus mixed forests Georgia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Celtic broadleaf forests Ireland, United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests  
Central Anatolian deciduous forests Turkey Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Central Anatolian steppe Turkey Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Central European mixed forests Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Lithuania, Moldovia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests France Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Crimean Submediterranean forest complex Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Cyprus Mediterranean forests Cyprus Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Dinaric Mountains mixed forests Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Slovenia, Yugoslavia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
East European forest steppe Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
East Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests Turkey Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Eastern Anatolian montane steppe Iran, Turkey, Armenia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests Turkey, Jordan, Israel, Syria Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Elburz Range forest steppe Iran Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests    
English Lowlands beech forests United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests    
Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests Turkey Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Great Lakes Basin desert steppe Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Iberian conifer forests Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Spain, Portugal Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra Iceland Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Illyrian deciduous forests Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Italy, France Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe Pakistan, China, Afghanistan, India Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Kazakh forest steppe Russia, Kazakhstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Kola Peninsula tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Mediterranean woodlands and forests Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Mesopotamian shrub desert Iraq, Syria, Jordan Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Middle East steppe Syria, Iraq Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Nile Delta flooded savanna Egypt Palearctic Flooded Grasslands and Savannas
North Atlantic moist mixed forests Ireland, United Kingdom Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
North Saharan steppe and woodlands Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Western Sahara, Mauritania Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert China Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Northeast Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests France, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests Turkey Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Northwest Iberian montane forests Portugal, Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Pamir alpine desert and tundra China, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Pannonian mixed forests Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Pindus Mountains mixed forests Albania, Greece Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Po Basin mixed forests Italy Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Pontic steppe Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests Spain, France, Andorra Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Qaidam Basin semi-desert China Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert Egypt, Jordan, Saudia Arabia, Yemen, Oman Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Rodope montane mixed forests Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Sahara desert Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Algeria, Mauritania, Mali, Chad, Niger Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Sarmatic mixed forests Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Russia, Sweden Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Sayan Intermontane steppe Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Sayan montane conifer forests Mongolia, Russia Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Scandinavian and Russian taiga Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Scandinavian coastal conifer forests Norway Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands Norway, Sweden, Finland Palearctic Tundra
South Appenine mixed montane forests Italy Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
South Siberian forest steppe Russia Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands Spain Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Morocco Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub
Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Taklimakan desert China Palearctic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe China Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Tian Shan foothill arid steppe China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Tian Shan montane conifer forests China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests
Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Palearctic Montane Grasslands and Shrublands
Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra
Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests France, Italy Palearctic Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub    
Ural montane forests and tundra Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
West Siberian taiga Russia Palearctic Boreal Forests/Taiga
Western European broadleaf forests Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Western Siberian hemiboreal forests Russia Palearctic Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests
Yamal-Gydan tundra Russia Palearctic Tundra

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
AMVRAKIKOS KOLPOS, DELTA LOUROU KAI ARACHTHOU (PETRA, MYTIKAS, EVRYTERI PERIOCHI) 71136 Greece  
Alpi Marittime 83205 Italy  
Alsó-Tisza-völgy 88306 Hungary  
Alte Valli Stura e Maira 103806 Italy  
Amudarya Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 152861 Lebap, Turkmenistan  
Astrakhanskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik Ia 167827 Astrakhan, Russia
Badghyz Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 215164 Turkmenistan  
Baikalskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik Ia 458883 Russia  
Barguzinskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik Ia 924970 Buryatia, Russia
Barrois et forêt de Clairvaux 101699 France  
Bassigny 194044 France  
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve National Park II 218515 Belarus
Berezinskiy Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 209113 Belarus  
Camargue 546256 France  
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve 144772 Ukraine  
DELTA AXIOU - LOUDIA - ALIAKMONA - ALYKI KITROUS 73260 Greece  
DOÑANA 281453 Spain  
Darvinsky Zapovednik Ia 278421 Yaroslavl, Vologda, Russia
Eastern Beskid National Park II 68484 Poland  
Emine 164580 Bulgaria  
Felsõ-kiskunsági szikes puszták és turjánvidék 103542 Hungary  
Flusslandschaft Elbe Biosphere Reserve 925242 Germany  
Fuentes del Narcea y del Ibias 126128 Spain  
GORGES DE LA DORDOGNE 113760 France  
Garrigues de Lançon et Chaînes alentour 67882 France  
Gorges de la Loire 145350 France  
Haut Val d'Allier 145560 France  
Hortobágy National Park II 140004 Hungary  
KOILADA ACHELOOU KAI ORI VALTOU 115492 Greece  
KORYFES OROUS GRAMMOS 84898 Greece  
KORYFES OROUS VORA 99917 Greece  
Kamchiyska Mountain 219637 Bulgaria  
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 692723 Krasnodar, Karachay-Cherkessia, Adygea, Russia
Khazar Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 658105 Turkmenistan  
Kiskunsági szikes tavak és az õrjegi turjánvidék 88335 Hungary  
Kopetdagh Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 125705 Turkmenistan  
Krivoklatsko Protected Landscape Area V 155267 Czech Republic  
Krkonose National Park V 95995 Czech Republic  
Kugitang Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 77308 Turkmenistan  
LA SERENA Y SIERRAS PERIFÉRICAS 379806 Spain  
LIMNES KAI LIMNOTHALASSES TIS THRAKIS - EVRYTERI PERIOCHI KAI PARAKTIA ZONI 72787 Greece  
LIMNES KORONEIAS - VOLVIS, STENA RENTINAS KAI EVRYTERI PERIOCHI 399400 Greece  
LIMNES VOLVI KAI LAGKADA - EVRYTERI PERIOCHI 66589 Greece  
LIMNI KERKINI - KROUSIA - KORYFES OROUS BELES, ANGISTRO - CHAROPO 193493 Greece  
Lagorai 114140 Italy  
Lake Torne Area Biosphere Reserve 238457 Sweden  
Laplandskiy Biosphere Reserve 757114 Russia  
Les Cévennes 227446 France  
Long Point Biosphere Reserve 100325 Ontario, Canada  
Luberon Regional Nature Park V 406572 France  
Monte Cervati e dintorni 91212 Italy  
Moray Firth 373987 Scotland, United Kingdom  
Murgia Alta 311059 Italy  
NOTIO DASIKO SYMPLEGMA EVROU 72341 Greece  
Northern Karelian Biosphere Reserve 864869 Finland  
OROS OTHRYS, VOUNA GKOURAS KAI FARANGI PALAIOKERASIAS 76799 Greece  
OROS PARNASSOS 84965 Greece  
OROS TAYGETOS - LAGKADA TRYPIS 120553 Greece  
Okskiy Biosphere Reserve 190748 Russia  
PLAINE DU FOREZ 81144 France  
Parco Del Cilento e Vallo de Diano National Park 551095 Italy
Parco Naturale Vedrette di Ries - Aurina 77376 Italy  
Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio National Park V 333737 Italy
Parco Regionale Orobie Bergamasche 121015 Italy  
Parco delle Madonie 100967 Italy  
Pays des Couzes 128132 France  
Pechoro-Ilychskiy Biosphere Reserve 3098091 Russia  
Picentini 157557 Italy  
Plateau ardennais 186972 France  
Plateau de Valensole 110723 France  
Ponga- Amieva 69442 Spain  
Ponga-Amieva 69437 Spain  
Puszcza Kampinoska Biosphere Reserve 188373 Poland  
Redes 93413 Spain  
Repetek Biosphere Reserve 102089 Turkmenistan  
Reserve de la Biosphere des Vosges du Nord Biosphere Reserve 301469 France  
Risaie della Lomellina 76457 Italy  
SIERRA DE ALCUBIERRE 103846 Spain  
SIERRA DE AYLLON 225747 Spain  
SIERRA NEVADA 424554 Spain  
SIERRA SUBBETICA 79212 Spain  
SIERRAS DE CAZORLA, SEGURA Y LAS VILLAS 519222 Spain  
Sayano-Shushenskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 964620 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve 319164 Germany
Serra do Gerês 156759 Portugal  
Severn Estuary/ Môr Hafren 182155 England/Wales, United Kingdom
Somiedo 71999 Spain  
South Pennine Moors 160577 England, United Kingdom  
Spreewald Biosphere Reserve 117355 Germany  
Stora Sjofallet National Park II 314943 Sweden
Studenetz 69315 Bulgaria  
Sumava Biosphere Reserve 412955 Czech Republic  
Syunt-Khasardagh Zapovednik State Nature Reserve Ia 105306 Turkmenistan  
Trebon Basin Protected Landscape Area V 173393 Czech Republic  
Tsentral'no-Sibirskiy Biosphere Reserve Ia 2521510 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Ubiña-La Mesa 97094 Spain  
Ubsunurskaya Kotlovina (Ubsunur Depression) Zapovednik Ia 798640 Tuva, Russia
Ultimo - Solda nel Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio 69162 Italy  
Voronezhskiy Biosphere Reserve 95835 Russia  
Waddensea of Lower Saxony Biosphere Reserve 539522 Germany  

Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

BirdLife Species Factsheet: View Factsheet
Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Map   Climate   Land Use 
Arda Bridge Bulgaria A1, A3, B2, C1, C6
Central Balkan Bulgaria A1, A3, B2, B3, C1, C6
Cividalese and upper Torre valley Italy A1, B3, C1, C2, C6
Confluent des vallées de la Meuse et de la Chiers France A4iii, B3, C4, C6
Kalimok Complex Bulgaria A1, A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C6
Kočevsko-Kolpa Slovenia B2, B3
River Mura Slovenia B2, B3
Srebarna Bulgaria A1, A4i, B1i, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C6
Triglav National Park Slovenia A3, B2, B3

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website Map
Caucasus Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Russia, Turkey No
Irano-Anatolian Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Turkmenistan No
Mediterranean Basin Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey No
Mountains of Central Asia Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan No

Prey / Diet

Adelphocoris quadripunctatus <Unverified Name>[6]
Crataegus monogyna (Common Hawthorn)[7]
Cryphoeca silvicola[6]
Hedera helix (Algerian ivy)[8]
Ilex aquifolium (English holly)[8]
Juniperus phoenicea (Phoenician Juniper)[9]
Lumbricus rubellus <Unverified Name>[6]
Phlogophora meticulosa (Angle Shades Moth)[6]
Prunus spinosa (Blackthorn)[8]
Rhamnus cathartica (Hart's thorn)[8]
Rosa canina (Dog Rose)[8]
Sorbus aucuparia (Mountain Ash)[6]
Stenurella melanura[6]
Tipula paludosa (European crane fly)[6]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Competing SpeciesCommon Prey Count
Abraxas grossulariata (Magpie Moth)3
Acasis viretata3
Acronicta psi (Grey Dagger Moth)4
Acronicta tridens (Dark Dagger)3
Alsophila aescularia (March Moth)3
Celastrina argiolus (Holly Blue Butterfly)3
Cilix glaucata3
Colocasia coryli (Nut-tree Tussock)3
Columba palumbus (Common Wood Pigeon)3
Conistra ligula (Dark Chestnut)3
Conistra vaccinii (Chestnut)3
Cosmia trapezina (Dun-bar)4
Cyanistes caeruleus (Blue Tit)4
Diloba caeruleocephala3
Electrophaes corylata (Broken-barred Carpet Moth)3
Eriogaster lanestris (Small Eggar)4
Erithacus rubecula (European Robin)5
Eupithecia exiguata (Mottled Pug)3
Eupsilia transversa (Satellite)3
Gastropacha quercifolia (Lappet)4
Gymnoscelis rufifasciata (Double-striped Pug)4
Iphiclides podalirius (Scarce Swallowtail)3
Jodis lactearia (Little Emerald)3
Lasiocampa quercus (Oak Eggar)4
Lophophanes cristatus (European Crested Tit)3
Lullula arborea (Woodlark)3
Meles meles (European Badger)3
Mormo maura (Old Lady)3
Noctua fimbriata (Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing)3
Nola cucullatella (Short-cloaked Moth)3
Odontopera bidentata (Scalloped Hazel)3
Oenanthe oenanthe (Northern Wheatear)3
Opisthograptis luteolata (Brimstone Moth)3
Ourapteryx sambucaria (Swallow-tailed Moth)4
Periparus ater (Coal Tit)3
Phigalia pilosaria (Pale Brindled Beauty)3
Phoenicurus phoenicurus (Common Redstart)4
Phylloscopus collybita (Common Chiffchaff)3
Phylloscopus trochilus (Willow Warbler)3
Plagodis pulveraria (Barred Umber Moth)3
Poecile montana (Willow Tit)3
Poecile palustris (Marsh Tit)3
Poecilocampa populi (December Moth)3
Regulus regulus (Goldcrest)3
Saturnia pavonia (Emperor moth)4
Saxicola rubetra (Whinchat)3
Stauropus fagi (Lobster Moth)3
Sturnus vulgaris (European Starling)5
Sylvia atricapilla (Eurasian Blackcap)6
Trachycera suavella3
Trichiura crataegi (Pale Eggar)3
Troglodytes troglodytes (Winter Wren)3
Turdus iliacus (Redwing)6
Turdus merula (Eurasian Blackbird)11
Turdus philomelos (Song Thrush)7
Turdus torquatus (Ring Ouzel)5
Turdus viscivorus (Mistle Thrush)10
Yponomeuta padella (Common Hawthorn Ermel Moth)3
Zygina angusta3
Zygina flammigera4

Predators

Accipiter nisus (Eurasian Sparrowhawk)[6]

Providers

Shelter 
Fagus sylvatica (European beech)[6]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Baruscapillaria ovopunctata <Unverified Name>[10]
Baruscapillaria resecta <Unverified Name>[10]
Brachydistomum ventricosum <Unverified Name>[10]
Brachylaima arcuatus <Unverified Name>[10]
Brachylaima mesostoma <Unverified Name>[10]
Brachylecithum mosquense <Unverified Name>[10]
Capillaria similis <Unverified Name>[10]
Ceratophyllus borealis[11]
Ceratophyllus fringillae[11]
Ceratophyllus gallinae (European chicken flea)[11]
Ceratophyllus garei[11]
Conspicuum popovi <Unverified Name>[10]
Dicranotaenia crenata <Unverified Name>[10]
Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Lancet liver fluke)[10]
Dilepis brachyarthra <Unverified Name>[10]
Dilepis turdi <Unverified Name>[10]
Dilepis undula[10]
Diplotriaena henryi <Unverified Name>[10]
Diplotriaena ozouxi <Unverified Name>[10]
Eucoleus contortus <Unverified Name>[10]
Fernandezia spinosissima <Unverified Name>[10]
Hymenolepis cavoarmatus <Unverified Name>[10]
Hymenolepis stylosa <Unverified Name>[10]
Leucochloridium macrostoma <Unverified Name>[10]
Leucochloridium perturbatum[10]
Lutztrema attenuatum <Unverified Name>[10]
Lutztrema monenteron[10]
Monopylidium trigonocephalum <Unverified Name>[10]
Passerilepis crenata[10]
Plagiorchis brauni <Unverified Name>[10]
Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus[10]
Porrocaecum ensicaudatum[10]
Porrocaecum semiteres <Unverified Name>[10]
Prosthogonimus cuneatus[10]
Prosthogonimus ovatus[10]
Sobolevitaenia unicoronata <Unverified Name>[10]
Sphaerirostris turdi[10]
Syngamus merulae <Unverified Name>[10]
Syngamus trachea (gapeworm)[10]
Taenia angulata <Unverified Name>[10]
Tamerlania zarudnyi <Unverified Name>[10]
Urotocus rossitensis <Unverified Name>[10]
Variolepis farciminosa[10]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Permskii Zoologicheskii Sad
Tallinn Zoo
Zoologischer Garten Augsburg GmbH

Range Map

Link to Map
North America;

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Banks R.C., 17-Oct-2001, ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 3Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 4Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org ♦ 5Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197 ♦ 6Ecology of Commanster ♦ 7Differential seed dispersal patterns generated by a common assemblage of vertebrate frugivores in three fleshy-fruited trees, Isabel MARTÍNEZ, Daniel GARCÍA & José Ramón OBESO, Écoscience, 15 (2): 189-199 (2008) ♦ 8Birds and berries: a study of an ecological interaction. Calton, Great Britain, Snow B.K., Snow D.W., 1988, T & AD Poyser. 268 p. ♦ 9Geographical ecology and variation of plant-seed disperser interactions: southern Spanish junipers and frugivorous thrushes, Pedro Jordano, Vegetatio 107/108: 85-104, 1993. ♦ 10Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 11International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 gis.wwfus.org/wildfinder
Protected Areas provided by Natura 2000, UK data: © Crown copyright and database right [2010] All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100017955 ♦ Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators. ♦ GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Biodiversity Hotspots, Conservation International
Important Bird Areas provided by BirdLife International (2010) Important Bird Areas. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 29/12/2010
Images provided by Google Image Search
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Range map provided by BirdLife International (2011) Bird species distribution maps of the world.
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by International Species Information System - May 2011