Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Sphenisciformes > Spheniscidae > Aptenodytes > Aptenodytes forsteri
 

Aptenodytes forsteri (Emperor Penguin)

Wikipedia Abstract

The Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species and is endemic to Antarctica. The male and female are similar in plumage and size, reaching 122 cm (48 in) in height and weighing anywhere from 22 to 45 kg (49 to 99 lb). The dorsal side and head are black and sharply delineated from the white belly, pale-yellow breast and bright-yellow ear patches.
View Wikipedia Record: Aptenodytes forsteri

Attributes

Adult Weight [2]  74.63 lbs (33.85 kg)
Birth Weight [3]  425 grams
Female Weight [2]  65.04 lbs (29.50 kg)
Male Weight [2]  84.22 lbs (38.20 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [2]  29.5 %
Female Maturity [4]  5 years
Male Maturity [4]  5 years 6 months
Clutch Size [3]  1
Diet [1]  Carnivore
Migration [1]  Intracontinental
Speed [5]  4.65 MPH (2.08 m/s)
Water Biome [1]  Pelagic, Coastal

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Map Climate Land
Use
Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra South Africa, France, Australia Antarctic Tundra    

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Palmer LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research   Antarctica    

Ecosystems

Prey / Diet

Abyssorchomene rossi[6]
Alluroteuthis antarctica[7]
Antarctomysis ohlinii[6]
Chaenodraco wilsoni (Spiny icefish)[8]
Chionodraco hamatus (Crocodile icefish)[6]
Cyllopus lucasii[6]
Dacodraco hunteri (Crocodile icefish)[8]
Dissostichus eleginoides (Patagonsky klykach)[9]
Dissostichus mawsoni (Antarctic blenny)[9]
Epimeriella macronyx[6]
Euphausia crystallorophias (ice krill)[6]
Euphausia superba (Antarctic krill)[9]
Eusirus microps[6]
Eusirus perdentatus[6]
Gerlachea australis (Antarctic dragonfish)[8]
Hyperia macrocephala[6]
Hyperiella macronyx[6]
Kondakovia longimana (Giant Warty Squid)[7]
Neopagetopsis ionah (Jonah's icefish)[6]
Onykia ingens (warty squid)[9]
Pagothenia borchgrevinki (Bald notothen)[6]
Pleuragramma antarctica (Antarctic silverfish)[6]
Trematomus lepidorhinus (Slender scalyhead)[8]
Trematomus newnesi (Dusky notothen)[6]
Uristes gigas[6]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Competing SpeciesCommon Prey Count
Aphrodroma brevirostris (Kerguelen Petrel)1
Aptenodytes patagonicus (King Penguin)2
Arctocephalus gazella (Antarctic Fur Seal)5
Balaenoptera acutorostrata (Minke Whale)3
Daption capense (Cape Petrel)2
Diomedea epomophora (Royal Albatross)2
Diomedea exulans (Wandering Albatross)3
Eudyptes chrysolophus (Macaroni Penguin)2
Fulmarus glacialoides (Southern Fulmar)3
Halobaena caerulea (Blue Petrel)2
Hydrurga leptonyx (Leopard seal)1
Lagenorhynchus cruciger (Hourglass Dolphin)1
Larus dominicanus (Kelp Gull)1
Leptonychotes weddellii (Weddell Seal)4
Lobodon carcinophaga (Crabeater Seal)5
Macronectes giganteus (Southern Giant Petrel)2
Megaptera novaeangliae (Humpback Whale)4
Mirounga leonina (Southern Elephant Seal)3
Oceanites oceanicus (Wilson's Storm-Petrel)1
Ommatophoca rossii (Ross Seal)2
Orcinus orca (Killer Whale)1
Pachyptila belcheri (Slender-billed Prion)1
Pachyptila desolata (Antarctic Prion)1
Pachyptila salvini (Salvin's Prion)1
Pachyptila turtur (Fairy Prion)2
Pagodroma nivea (Snow Petrel)3
Phoebetria fusca (Sooty Albatross)1
Phoebetria palpebrata (Light-mantled Albatross)3
Physeter macrocephalus (Sperm Whale)2
Procellaria aequinoctialis (White-chinned Petrel)1
Pygoscelis adeliae (Adelie Penguin)9
Pygoscelis antarcticus (Chinstrap Penguin)1
Pygoscelis papua (Gentoo Penguin)3
Stercorarius maccormicki (South Polar Skua)3
Sterna vittata (Antarctic Tern)1
Thalassarche chrysostoma (Grey-headed Albatross)3
Thalassarche melanophris (Black-browed Albatross)4
Thalassoica antarctica (Antarctic Petrel)3

Predators

Hydrurga leptonyx (Leopard seal)[9]
Orcinus orca (Killer Whale)[9]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Austrogoniodes mawsoni <Unverified Name>[10]
Contracaecum prevosti <Unverified Name>[11]
Parorchites zederi[11]
Tetrabothrius wrighti <Unverified Name>[11]

Distribution

External References

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Peterson A.P., 22-Sep-2011, ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org ♦ 2Marchant, S.; Higgins, PJ (eds.) 1990. The handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic birds, Vol. 1., ratites to ducks. Oxford University Press, Melbourne ♦ 3Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 5Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197 ♦ 6Food of emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) in the western Ross Sea, Antarctica, Y. Cherel and G. L. Kooyman, Marine Biology (1998) 130: 335-344 ♦ 7CephBase - Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish and Nautilus) Database ♦ 8The role of notothenioid fish in the food web of the Ross Sea shelf waters: a review, M. La Mesa, J. T. Eastman, M. Vacchi, Polar Biol (2004) 27: 321–338 ♦ 9Who's Eating Who ♦ 10Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19 ♦ 11Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 gis.wwfus.org/wildfinder
Protected Areas provided by Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators.
Images provided by Wikimedia Commons licensed under a Creative Commons License
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access