Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Asterales > Asteraceae > Bidens acuticaulis > Bidens acuticaulis var. acuticaulis
 

Bidens acuticaulis var. acuticaulis (Spanish Needle)

Synonyms: Bidens ciliata; Bidens paupercula; Bidens paupercula paupercula

Invasive Species

Bidens pilosa is a cosmopolitan, annual herb which originates from tropical and Central America. Its hardiness, explosive reproductive potential, and ability to thrive in almost any environment have enabled it to establish throughout the world. Generally introduced unintentionally through agriculture or sometimes intentionally for ornamental purposes, B. pilosa is a major crop weed, threat to native fauna, and a physical nuisance.
View ISSG Record: Bidens acuticaulis var. acuticaulis

Attributes

Height [1]  39 inches (1 m)
Edible [1]  May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details.
Flower Type [1]  Hermaphrodite
Hazards [1]  The roots, leaves and flowers are strongly phototoxic, the achenes weakly so; Substances isolated from the leaves can kill human skin in the presence of sunlight at concentrations as low as 10ppm;
Lifespan [1]  Annual
Pollinators [1]  Bees, Hoverflies
Structure [2]  Herb
View Plants For A Future Record : Bidens acuticaulis var. acuticaulis

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Map Climate Land Use
Archipelago de Colon Biosphere Reserve 34336011 Galapagos Islands, Ecuador  
Buenavista Wetland Reserve 778949 Cuba    
Canaveral National Seashore II 9090 Florida, United States
Ciénaga de Zapata National Park 1606900 Cuba  
Corcovado National Park 115845 Costa Rica  
Gombe National Park II 8799 Tanzania
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 177278 Hawaii, United States
Kakadu National Park II 4744348 Northern Territory, Australia
Kedrovaya Pad Zapovednik Ia 44224 Primorsky Krai , Russia
Kruger National Park II 4718115 Mpumalanga, South Africa
Mahale Mountains National Park II 398414 Tanzania
Mount Kulal Biosphere Reserve 1729738 Kenya  
Norfolk Island National Park II 1723 Australian external territories, Australia  
Pico Mogote Ecological Reserve II 3698 Cuba  
Reserva Biológica Hitoy Cerere Biological Reserve Ia 24641 Costa Rica  
San Dimas Biosphere Reserve 17161 California, United States  
Tapantí-Macizo de La Muer National Park II 12767 Costa Rica
Tuabaquey - Limones Ecological Reserve II 4859 Cuba  

Predators

Ceroplastes brevicauda[3]
Chorizococcus glandulosus[3]
Chorizococcus pusillus[3]
Coccus capparidis (capparis soft scale)[3]
Crypticerya genistae <Unverified Name>[3]
Ferrisia malvastra (grey mealybug)[3]
Frankliniella cephalica[4]
Icerya aegyptiaca[3]
Pappogeomys tylorhinus (naked-nosed pocket gopher)[5]
Perigea capensis <Unverified Name>[6]
Planococcus halli[3]
Planococcus minor (Pacific mealybug)[3]
Protortonia navesi[3]
Pulvinaria psidii (green shield scale)[3]
Pulvinaria urbicola (urbicola soft scale)[3]
Rhizoecus hawaiiensis[3]
Thrips hoddlei <Unverified Name>[7]
Trionymus radicicola[3]
Trionymus sativus[3]
Vryburgia transvaalensis[3]

Providers

Pollinated by 
Phoebis sennae (Cloudless giant sulpher)[8]

Institutions (Zoos, etc.)

    Maps
Institution Infraspecies / Breed 
Kew Millennium Seed Bank Partnership

Distribution

1 - Europe, ; 2 - Africa, ; 3 - Asia-Temperate, ; 7 - Northern America, ; 7 - Northern America, ; 8 - Southern America, ; 8 - Southern America, ; 1 - Europe, 11 - Middle Europe, ; 2 - Africa, 27 - Southern Africa, ; 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, ; 4 - Asia-Tropical, 42 - Malesia, ; 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, ; 5 - Australasia, 51 - New Zealand, ; 7 - Northern America, 79 - Mexico, ; 7 - Northern America, 79 - Mexico, ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Aruba (ARU), ; 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Azores (AZO), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Bahamas (BAH), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Bermuda (BER), ; 7 - Northern America, 76 - Southwestern U.S.A., California (CAL), ; 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Canary Is. (CNY), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Cuba (CUB), ; 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Cape Verde (CVI), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Dominican Republic (DOM), ; 6 - Pacific, 60 - Southwestern Pacific, Fiji (FIJ), ; 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, France (FRA), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Haiti (HAI), ; 6 - Pacific, 63 - North-Central Pacific, Hawaii (HAW), ; 4 - Asia-Tropical, 40 - Indian Subcontinent, India (IND), ; 1 - Europe, 13 - Southeastern Europe, Italy (ITA), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Jamaica (JAM), ; 5 - Australasia, 51 - New Zealand, Kermadec Is. (KER), ; 3 - Asia-Temperate, 38 - Eastern Asia, Kazan-retto (KZN), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Leeward Is. (LEE), ; 2 - Africa, 29 - Western Indian Ocean, Madagascar (MDG), ; 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Madeira (MDR), ; 4 - Asia-Tropical, 42 - Malesia, Malaya (MLY), ; 4 - Asia-Tropical, 42 - Malesia, Malaya (MLY), ; 2 - Africa, 20 - Northern Africa, Morocco (MOR), ; 2 - Africa, 20 - Northern Africa, Morocco (MOR), ; 7 - Northern America, 79 - Mexico, Mexico Central (MXC), ; 7 - Northern America, 79 - Mexico, Mexico Northeast (MXE), ; 7 - Northern America, 79 - Mexico, Mexico Gulf (MXG), ; 7 - Northern America, 79 - Mexico, Mexico Northwest (MXN), ; 7 - Northern America, 79 - Mexico, Mexico Southwest (MXS), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Netherlands Antilles (NLA), ; 4 - Asia-Tropical, 43 - Papuasia, New Guinea (NWG), ; 5 - Australasia, 51 - New Zealand, New Zealand North (NZN), ; 3 - Asia-Temperate, 38 - Eastern Asia, Ogasawara-shoto (OGA), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Puerto Rico (PUE), ; 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, Queensland (QLD), ; 6 - Pacific, 60 - Southwestern Pacific, Samoa (SAM), ; 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Selvagens (SEL), ; 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, Spain (SPA), ; 3 - Asia-Temperate, 38 - Eastern Asia, Taiwan (TAI), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Trinidad-Tobago (TRT), ; 4 - Asia-Tropical, 41 - Indo-China, Vietnam (VIE), ; 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Windward Is. (WIN), ; 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., Alabama (ALA), Alabama (ALA-OO); 2 - Africa, 20 - Northern Africa, Algeria (ALG), Algeria (ALG-OO); 7 - Northern America, 76 - Southwestern U.S.A., Arizona (ARI), Arizona (ARI-OO); 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Azores (AZO), Açôres (AZO-OO); 1 - Europe, 11 - Middle Europe, Belgium (BGM), Belgium (BGM-BE); 1 - Europe, 11 - Middle Europe, Belgium (BGM), Luxembourg (BGM-LU); 1 - Europe, 14 - Eastern Europe, Baltic States (BLT), Estonia (BLT-ES); 8 - Southern America, 80 - Central America, Belize (BLZ), Belize (BLZ-OO); 8 - Southern America, 83 - Western South America, Bolivia (BOL), Bolivia (BOL-OO); 8 - Southern America, 84 - Brazil, Brazil South (BZS), Paraná (BZS-PR); 8 - Southern America, 84 - Brazil, Brazil South (BZS), Rio Grande do Sul (BZS-RS); 8 - Southern America, 84 - Brazil, Brazil South (BZS), Santa Catarina (BZS-SC); 7 - Northern America, 76 - Southwestern U.S.A., California (CAL), California (CAL-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 41 - Indo-China, Cambodia (CBD), Cambodia (CBD-OO); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China South-Central (CHC), Sichuan (CHC-SC); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China South-Central (CHC), Yunnan (CHC-YN); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China North-Central (CHN), Shaanxi (CHN-SA); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China Southeast (CHS), Fujian (CHS-FJ); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China Southeast (CHS), Guangdong (CHS-GD); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China Southeast (CHS), Guangxi (CHS-GX); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China Southeast (CHS), Jiangsu (CHS-JS); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 36 - China, China Southeast (CHS), Zhejiang (CHS-ZJ); 7 - Northern America, 75 - Northeastern U.S.A., Connecticut (CNT), Connecticut (CNT-OO); 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Canary Is. (CNY), Canary Is. (CNY-OO); 6 - Pacific, 61 - South-Central Pacific, Cook Is. (COO), Cook Is. (COO-OO); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 34 - Western Asia, Cyprus (CYP), Cyprus (CYP-OO); 1 - Europe, 11 - Middle Europe, Czechoslovakia (CZE), Czech Republic (CZE-CZ); 6 - Pacific, 61 - South-Central Pacific, Easter Is. (EAS), Easter Is. (EAS-OO); 8 - Southern America, 83 - Western South America, Ecuador (ECU), Ecuador (ECU-OO); 2 - Africa, 20 - Northern Africa, Egypt (EGY), Egypt (EGY-OO); 8 - Southern America, 80 - Central America, El Salvador (ELS), El Salvador (ELS-OO); 6 - Pacific, 60 - Southwestern Pacific, Fiji (FIJ), Fiji (FIJ-OO); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., Florida (FLA), Florida (FLA-OO); 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, France (FRA), Channel Is. (FRA-CI); 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, France (FRA), France (FRA-FR); 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, France (FRA), Monaco (FRA-MO); 8 - Southern America, 82 - Northern South America, French Guiana (FRG), French Guiana (FRG-OO); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., Georgia (GEO), Georgia (GEO-OO); 1 - Europe, 11 - Middle Europe, Germany (GER), Germany (GER-OO); 1 - Europe, 10 - Northern Europe, Great Britain (GRB), Great Britain (GRB-OO); 8 - Southern America, 80 - Central America, Guatemala (GUA), Guatemala (GUA-OO); 8 - Southern America, 82 - Northern South America, Guyana (GUY), Guyana (GUY-OO); 6 - Pacific, 63 - North-Central Pacific, Hawaii (HAW), Hawaiian Is. (HAW-HI); 8 - Southern America, 80 - Central America, Honduras (HON), Honduras (HON-OO); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., Kentucky (KTY), Kentucky (KTY-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 41 - Indo-China, Laos (LAO), Laos (LAO-OO); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 34 - Western Asia, Lebanon-Syria (LBS), Lebanon (LBS-LB); 2 - Africa, 20 - Northern Africa, Libya (LBY), Libya (LBY-OO); 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Leeward Is. (LEE), Virgin Is. (LEE-VI); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., Louisiana (LOU), Louisiana (LOU-OO); 7 - Northern America, 75 - Northeastern U.S.A., Masachusettes (MAS), Masachusettes (MAS-OO); 2 - Africa, 29 - Western Indian Ocean, Madagascar (MDG), Madagascar (MDG-OO); 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Madeira (MDR), Madeira (MDR-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 42 - Malesia, Maluku (MOL), Maluku (MOL-OO); 6 - Pacific, 61 - South-Central Pacific, Marquesas (MRQ), Marquesas (MRQ-OO); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., Maryland (MRY), Maryland (MRY-OO); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., Mississippi (MSI), Mississippi (MSI-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 41 - Indo-China, Myanmar (MYA), Myanmar (MYA-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 41 - Indo-China, Myanmar (MYA), Myanmar (MYA-OO); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., North Carolina (NCA), North Carolina (NCA-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 40 - Indian Subcontinent, Nepal (NEP), Nepal (NEP-OO); 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, New South Wales (NSW), New South Wales (NSW-NS); 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, Northern Territory (NTA), Northern Territory (NTA-OO); 6 - Pacific, 60 - Southwestern Pacific, Niue (NUE), Niue (NUE-OO); 7 - Northern America, 77 - South-Central U.S.A., New Mexico (NWM), New Mexico (NWM-OO); 7 - Northern America, 72 - Eastern Canada, Ontario (ONT), Ontario (ONT-OO); 7 - Northern America, 73 - Northwestern U.S.A., Oregon (ORE), Oregon (ORE-OO); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 34 - Western Asia, Palestine (PAL), Israel (PAL-IS); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 34 - Western Asia, Palestine (PAL), Jordan (PAL-JO); 8 - Southern America, 80 - Central America, Panamá (PAN), Panamá (PAN-OO); 7 - Northern America, 75 - Northeastern U.S.A., Pennsylvania (PEN), Pennsylvania (PEN-OO); 8 - Southern America, 83 - Western South America, Peru (PER), Peru (PER-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 42 - Malesia, Philippines (PHI), Philippines (PHI-OO); 6 - Pacific, 61 - South-Central Pacific, Pitcairn Is. (PIT), Pitcairn Is. (PIT-OO); 1 - Europe, 11 - Middle Europe, Poland (POL), Poland (POL-OO); 8 - Southern America, 81 - Caribbean, Puerto Rico (PUE), Puerto Rico (PUE-OO); 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, Queensland (QLD), Queensland (QLD-QU); 7 - Northern America, 72 - Eastern Canada, Québec (QUE), Québec (QUE-OO); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 35 - Arabian Peninsula, Saudi Arabia (SAU), Saudi Arabia (SAU-OO); 7 - Northern America, 78 - Southeastern U.S.A., South Carolina (SCA), South Carolina (SCA-OO); 6 - Pacific, 61 - South-Central Pacific, Society Is. (SCI), Society Is. (SCI-OO); 2 - Africa, 21 - Macaronesia, Selvagens (SEL), Selvagens (SEL-OO); 1 - Europe, 13 - Southeastern Europe, Sicilia (SIC), Sicilia (SIC-SI); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 34 - Western Asia, Sinai (SIN), Sinai (SIN-OO); 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, South Australia (SOA), South Australia (SOA-OO); 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, Spain (SPA), Andorra (SPA-AN); 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, Spain (SPA), Gilbraltar (SPA-GI); 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, Spain (SPA), Gilbraltar (SPA-GI); 1 - Europe, 12 - Southwestern Europe, Spain (SPA), Spain (SPA-SP); 8 - Southern America, 82 - Northern South America, Suriname (SUR), Surinam (SUR-OO); 3 - Asia-Temperate, 38 - Eastern Asia, Taiwan (TAI), Taiwan (TAI-OO); 7 - Northern America, 77 - South-Central U.S.A., Texas (TEX), Texas (TEX-OO); 4 - Asia-Tropical, 41 - Indo-China, Thailand (THA), Thailand (THA-OO); 6 - Pacific, 60 - Southwestern Pacific, Tonga (TON), Tonga (TON-OO); 8 - Southern America, 82 - Northern South America, Venezuela (VEN), Venezuela (VEN-OO); 8 - Southern America, 82 - Northern South America, Venezuela (VEN), Venezuela (VEN-OO); 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, Victoria (VIC), Victoria (VIC-OO); 5 - Australasia, 50 - Australia, Western Australia (WAU), Western Australia (WAU-WA); 7 - Northern America, 74 - North-Central U.S.A., Wisconsin (WIS), Wisconsin (WIS-OO); 1 - Europe, 13 - Southeastern Europe, Yugoslavia (YUG), Slovenia (YUG-SL);;

External References

USDA Plant Profile

Photos

Citations

Species recognized by Flann C., 25-Sep-2011, GCC: Global Compositae Checklist in Catalog of Life 2011
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons License ♦ 2Kattge, J. et al. (2011b) TRY - a global database of plant traits Global Change Biology 17:2905-2935 ♦ 3Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009 ♦ 4Species of Frankliniella Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from the Asian-Pacific Area, Chin-Ling Wang, Feng-Chyi Lin, Yi-Chung Chiu, and Hsien-Tzung Shih, Zoological Studies 49(6): 824-838 (2010) ♦ 5Pappogeomys tylorhinus, Fernando A. Cervantes, Vinicio J. Sosa, Jesús Martinez, Rosa Ma. González, and Robert C. Dowler, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 433, pp. 1-4 (1993) ♦ 6Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants ♦ 7Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19 ♦ 8Flower-visiting insects of the Galapagos Islands, McCullen, C. K. 1993. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 69:95-106
Invasive Status provided by Global Invasive Species Database Downloaded on 10 May 2011.
Protected Areas provided by Biological Inventories of the World's Protected Areas in cooperation between the Information Center for the Environment at the University of California, Davis and numerous collaborators.
Images provided by Google Image Search
Weather provided by NOAA METAR Data Access
Institution information provided by Kew Millennium Seed Bank Partnership, Kew Royal Botanic Gardens - February 2013