| Species |
Description |
Photo |
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Homalodisca vitripennis (Glassy-winged sharpshooter) |
The glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), is a xylem-feeding leafhopper native to the southeastern United States and regions of northern Mexico. This insect is an ... |
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Hoplochelus marginalis |
The beetle, Hoplochelus marginalis, is common in La Réunion since its introduction in 1970. In a few years, it invaded the entire island to 1000 metres above sea level, causing extensive damage to sug ... |
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Houttuynia cordata (houttuynia) |
Houttuynia cordata is a perennial plant that has been introduced as an ornamental for gardens. While the plant has apparently not escaped confinement, there is much fear that it will eventually presen ... |
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Hydrilla verticillata (waterthyme) |
Hydrilla verticillata is a submerged freshwater aquatic weed that can tolerate salinity up to 7%. It crowds out native plants by shading them and out-competing them for nutrients. The dense masses it ... |
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Hydrocharis morsus-ranae (common frogbit) |
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae is a free-floating herbaceous annual aquatic that can reach 20cm in length. It does well in calm open waters, and can be found in marshes, ditches and swamps. H. morsus-ran ... |
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Hygrophila polysperma (East Indian hygrophila) |
The herbaceous perennial Hygrophila polysperma, commonly known as the Indian swamp weed, is a freshwater amphibious herb that was most likely introduced through the aquarium trade. It is found in warm ... |
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Hylastes ater (Black pine bark beetle) |
Hylastes ater is considered a pest in many regions due to the damage that it causes to trees, specifically pine species. Although this species is native to Europe, it has recently been declare ... |
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Hypericum perforatum (common St Johnswort) |
Hypericum perforatum, more commonly known as St. John's wort, is a native flowering perennial plant of Eurasia. It has been widely introduced, mainly by human vectors, to North and South America, part ... |
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Hyphantria cunea (fall webworm) |
Biological invasions of insects, plants and fungal pest species often cause substantial disturbance to forest ecosystems as well as severe socio-economic impacts. Posing an agricultural and economic t ... |
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Hypnea musciformis (Hypnean) |
Hypnea musciformis (basionym Fucus musciformis) is classified as a red algae and is distributed throughout most of the world. It was recently introduced to Hawaii and has quickly become invasive and a ... |
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Hypochaeris radicata (Common Catsear) |
Hypochaeris radicata is an herbaceous perennial from the Mediterranean region. It has been introduced to the Americas, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Hypochaeris radicata is found in disturbed area ... |
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Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver carp) |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix is a carp, native to Asia. Hypophthalmichthys molitrix have been introduced around the world for aquaculture purposes and also for controlling excessive growth of phytoplan ... |
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Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (Bighead carp) |
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis commonly known as bighead carp are native to Asia. They have been introduced around the world for aquaculture purposes. They are also used to control excessive growth ... |
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Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale) |
The cottony cushion scale insect Icerya purchasi causes the decline of indigenous plants on the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. ... |
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Iguana iguana (Common Green Iguana) |
The green iguana (Iguana iguana) is native to tropical parts of Latin America and grows to around 1.5m in length and 4 to 5kgs in weight. It is associated with warm coastal regions, low elevations and ... |
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Impatiens glandulifera (ornamental jewelweed) |
Impatiens glandulifera, or Himalayan balsam, is a problematic invasive which has spread throughout Europe, parts of North America and New Zealand following introductions as an ornamental. It is ... |
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Impatiens walleriana (buzzy lizzy) |
Impatiens walleriana is a herb from Africa. It has been introduced to many countries as an ornamental but has escaped from gardens and naturalised. Impatiens glandulifera can be very invasive, as in L ... |
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Imperata cylindrica (alang-alang) |
Congon grass (Imperata cylindrica) is an invasive grass native to Asia that is highly invasive in southeastern USA pine flatwoods and in tropical savannas. Cogongrass establishes vast, m ... |
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Insignorthezia insignis (croton bug) |
The scale insect Orthezia insignis damages the host plant by feeding on its phloem and excreting nutrients which promote the growth of sooty mold. Biocontrol using the coccinellid predator Hyperasp ... |
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Ipomoea aquatica (Chinese waterspinach) |
Ipomea aquatica is rich in iron and is used traditionally to treat gastric and intestinal disorders. However, Ipomea aquatica is highly invasive, forming dense mats over the surface of water bodies, s ... |
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Ipomoea cairica (mile-a-minute vine) |
Ipomoea cairica is a climbing vine that can reach up to 5m long but is rarely rampant. Its stems are smooth and curl around neighbouring support. Ipomoea cairica can smother vegetation, thereby alteri ... |
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Ips typographus (Engraver Beetle) |
Ips typographus the European spruce bark beetle has caused many problems in Europe and Asia. It is a pest that mostly infects damaged spruce trees, but can also damage healthy trees as well. ... |
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Iris maackii (yellow iris) |
Iris pseudacorus is a perennial monocot forb that forms dense stands of robust plants. It thrives in temperate climates and can grow in water up to 25cm deep. It is a fast-growing and fast-spreading i ... |
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Ischaemum polystachyum (paddle grass) |
Considered to be native to many Pacific Islands, Ischaemum polystachyum (paddle grass) is apparently one of few plants to become a native invasive. In Pohnpei (Federated States of Micronesia) it is c ... |
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Jacobaea vulgaris (Ragwort) |
Senecio jacobaea is a highly invasive, noxious weed which is known to invade pastoral land. It has detrimental impacts on livestock, due its highly toxic alkaloid content. ... |
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Jatropha gossypiifolia (bellyache bush) |
Jatropha gossypiifolia is a shrub approximately 1.5m in height. A native of Brazil, it now has a pantropical distribution. Often planted and cultivated as an ornamental, Jatropha gossypiifolia adapts ... |
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Juncus tenuis (path rush) |
Juncus tenuis is a rush introduced to countries worldwide. It may affect native species through competition with other plants and the alteration of valuable native habitats. For example, in Sai ... |
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Juniperus bermudiana (Bermuda Red Cedar) |
The 'Critically Endangered ('CR') Bermuda juniper (see Juniperus bermudiana in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) is proving to be a "seve ... |
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Kalanchoe pinnata (cathedral bells) |
Kalanchoe pinnata is a succulent plant which has been introduced to many temperate and tropical regions of the world as an ornamental. In several of these regions, the species is widely naturalised an ... |
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Kunzea ericoides (White tea-tree) |
Kunzea ericoides is a shrub or small tree that can reach heights up to 6metres. It prefers to invade abandoned pasture and native forests in the Australasia-Pacific regions. It can also be classified ... |
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Lachnellula willkommii |
Lachnellula willkommii is a tree disease identified first in Europe and has since made its way to North America. It spreads easily from branch to branch infecting each tree (Larix decidua). Lachnellul ... |
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Lagarosiphon major (oxygen-weed) |
Lagarosiphon major is a rhizomatous, perennial, submerged aquatic plant. It can inhabit freshwater lakes, dams and slow-moving streams. Lagarosiphon major can form dense floating mats in deep-water re ... |
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Lama guanicoe (guanaco) |
The guanaco, Lama guanicoe, is a herbivorous, social ungulate that is the direct ancestor of the domestic llama. Native to South America, where it is the dominant ungulate of arid regions and ... |
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Spirodela punctata (dotted duckmeat) |
Native to Southeastern Asia and Australia and arguably to the United States, Landoltia punctata (dotted duckweed) has been introduced to several states in the U.S.A. and many European and Asian countr ... |
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Lantana camara (lantana) |
Lantana camara is a significant weed of which there are some 650 varieties in over 60 countries or island groups. It is established and expanding in many regions of the world, often as a result of cle ... |
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Lates niloticus (Victoria perch) |
The Nile perch (Lates niloticus) is a large freshwater fish. Also known as capitaine, mputa or sangara, it can grow up to 200kg and two metres in length. It was introduced to Lake Victoria in 1954 whe ... |
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Nabalus racemosus (Bitter lettuce) |
Bitter lettuce (Launaea intybacea) is a native of Africa and has been introduced to parts of lower Northern America, the West Indies, Central America, South America, temperate and tropical Asi ... |
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Leiothrix lutea (Red-billed Leiothrix) |
Leiothrix lutea is a serious threat to terrestrial biodiversity. Its varied diet includes both plants and animals (insects, molluscs and Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera). It is reputed to be a re ... |
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Lepidium latifolium (Broadleaved Pepperweed) |
Lepidium latifolium is an herbaceous perennial that invades wetlands, riparian areas and other water courses. It can tolerate a wide range of soil water potential and survive up to 50 days in submerge ... |
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Lepidium virginicum (Wild Pepper-Grass) |
Lepidium virginicum is a weed of agronomic, vegetable, orchard, and nursery crops. It is reported to have naturalised on disturbed sites in Hawaii and the western United States, and spreading rapidly ... |
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Lepus americanus (Snowshoe Hare) |
Lepus americanus is a small mammal of the Lagomorpha order. It is widespread in the USA and Canada, where it is found in open areas, grasslands, swamps and woods. Usually solitary, they can sometimes ... |
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Lepus europaeus (European Hare) |
Lepus europaeus is a herbivorous mammal belonging to the family Leporidae, and is commonly known as the European hare or brown hare. It has been introduced from its native range of Europe to ma ... |
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Lespedeza juncea var. sericea (Chinese bush-clover) |
Lespedeza cuneata is a long-lived perennial that grows well in grasslands, pastures, along roadsides, drainage areas, fencerows and in other disturbed areas. It is often found as a weed in cultivated ... |
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Leucaena leucocephala (Wild mimosa) |
Leucaena leucocephala is a 'conflict tree' being widely promoted for tropical forage production and reforestation, whilst at the same time it is spreading naturally and is widely reported as a weed. T ... |
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Leuciscus idus (Ide) |
Leuciscus idus (orfe) are a large-bodied freshwater fish native to Europe. They are valued as a sport fish in many countries and have been introduced to a number of locations for this purpose. Concern ... |
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Ligustrum lucidum (glossy privet) |
Ligustrum lucidum (tree privet) is a native of Asia and has been introduced to many different locations, mainly for gardens and hedges. Its ability to grow in different habitats has made it an extreme ... |
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Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet) |
Ligustrum sinense, or Chinese privet, is a shrub or small tree native to China, Vietnam and Laos that can grow up to 9 meters tall. Its flowers are small and somewhat unpleasantly fragrant and ... |
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Ligustrum vulgare (European privet) |
Native to Europe and northern Africa, Ligustrum vulgare is a shrub that grows in sandy, loamy and clay soils. Ligustrum vulgare is a perennial shrub that has a maximum height of 4.5 metres and has man ... |
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Limnocharis flava (yellow velvetleaf) |
Limnocharis flava is a clump-forming, emergent aquatic plant that is native to the American continent. The Greek words "Limno" and "charis" mean "pond" and "grace", respectively. The attractiveness of ... |
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Limnophila sessiliflora (Asian marshweed) |
Limnophila sessiliflora is an aquatic perennial herb that can exist in a variety of aquatic habitats. It is fast growing and exhibits re-growth from fragments. Limnophila sessiliflora is also able to ... |
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Linaria vulgaris (ramsted) |
Linaria vulgaris (commonly known as yellow toadflax) is a creeping perennial forb, with bright yellow and orange snap-dragon-like flowers. It is widespread in North America, establishing in rangelands ... |
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Linepithema humile (Argentine ant) |
Linepithema humile (the Argentine ant) invades sub-tropical and temperate regions and is established on six continents. Introduced populations exhibit a different genetic and social makeup that confer ... |
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Linyphia triangularis (European hammock spider) |
Linyphia triangularis, the European hammock spider or sheet-web spider, named so for its sheet-like web has been introduced to Maine (United States). Its large size, competitive ability, and ag ... |
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Litoria aurea (Golden bell frog) |
Originally from the south east of Australia, where it is threatened with extinction, Litoria aurea is carnivorous with a wide range of food sources. It can be a threat to other amphibians and reptiles ... |
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Littorina littorea (Common periwinkle) |
Littorina littorea is a mollusc which is often distributed on rocky coasts, from the upper shore into the sub-littoral. It is also tolerant of brackish water. Littorina littorea feeds on diatoms, Ente ... |
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Livistona chinensis (fountain palm) |
The Chinese fan palm, Livistona chinensis is a single stemmed fan palm native to Japan and China that is cultivated worldwide in tropical and temperate climates as an ornamental. Their introduced rang ... |
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Lonicera japonica (Chinese honeysuckle) |
Lonicera japonica is an extremely vigorous vine which grows up through the canopy, smothering and ultimately killing the host tree. It competes with native plants for light and nutrients and prevents ... |
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Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) |
Native to eastern Asia, Lonicera maackii was introduced to the United States as an ornamental shrub. It has since become a problem by out-competing understorey plants. Lonicera maackii can be found on ... |
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Lotus corniculatus (birdfoot deervetch) |
Lotus corniculatus (bird's foot trefoil) is a low growing perennial legume that has long been valued as an agricultural crop. Lotus corniculatus is native to much of Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, ... |
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Ludwigia peruviana (Peruvian primrose-willow) |
Ludwigia peruviana is a wetland species that has been introduced as an ornamental for its bright yellow and showy flowers. Once established, however, it forms dense, monotypic stands along shorelines ... |
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Lupinus polyphyllus (marsh lupine) |
Lupinus polyphyllus is a perennial legume with flower colour varying from purple to yellow and red. Preferred habitats include areas with low fertility, rocky, sandy or loose textured soils and medium ... |
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Lutjanus kasmira (bluebanded sea perch) |
Lutjanus kasmira is a commercially important reef-associated tropical fish that has been introduced into Hawaii for fisheries. In introduced areas of Hawaii it has become abundant, forming dense schoo ... |
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Luzula campestris (field woodrush) |
Lygodium japonicum is a vine-like fern with a highly developed ability to climb herbs, shurbs and trees. Its invasiveness arises from its ability to climb to heights of 30m and can smother vegetation ... |
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Lycalopex griseus (South American Gray Fox) |
In its native range the chilla, Lycalopex griseus is scare and is rarely seen in the wild because of hunting. Native to mainland South America it was introduced into the Falkland where it has p ... |
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Lygodium japonicum (Japanese climbing fern) |
Lygodium japonicum is a vine-like fern with a highly developed ability to climb herbs, shurbs and trees. Its invasiveness arises from its ability to climb to heights of 30m and can smother vegetation ... |
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Lygodium microphyllum (Old World climbing fern) |
Lythrum salicaria is an erect perennial herb with a woody stem and whirled leaves. It has the ability to reproduce prolifically by both seed dispersal and vegetative propagation. Any sunny or partly s ... |
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Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) |
Lymantria dispar commonly known as the Asian gypsy moth (AGM), is one of the most destructive pests of shade, fruit and ornamental trees throughout the northern hemisphere. It is also a major pest of ... |
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Lythrum salicaria (salicaire) |
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Macaca fascicularis (long-tailed macaque) |
Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque) are native to south-east Asia and have been introduced into Mauritius, Palau (Angaur Island), Hong Kong and parts of Indonesia (Tinjil Island and Papua). They ... |
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Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) |
Macaca mulatta (rhesus macaques) are very popular as laboratory animals and are used for biomedical and behavioural research in the internatonal trade. In Puerto Rico, the introduction and trade with ... |
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Dolichandra unguis-cati |
Macfadyena unguis-cati is a perennial, climbing liana found primarily in tropical forests. It is native to the Central and South Americas and the West Indies, but currently is represented on every con ... |
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Maconellicoccus hirsutus (pink hibiscus mealybug) |
Maconellicoccus hirsutus or the pink hibiscus mealybug, is a polyphagous pest on a wide range of ornamental and agricultural plant species. Native to tropical and subtropical Asia and Africa, < ... |
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Melaleuca quinquenervia (Broad-leaved paper bark) |
The broad-leaved paperbark tree or melaleuca (Melaleuca quinquenervia) can reach heights of 25 meters and hold up to 9 million viable seeds in a massive canopy-held seed bank. This fire-resista ... |
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Melastoma malabathricum (Malabar melastome) |
Melastoma candidum (Asian melastome) is an invasive shrub that can spread rapidly and may form dense monotypic thickets in a variety of habitats such as: open land, grassland, shrubland and native for ... |
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Melia azedarach (chinaberry) |
Melia azedarach is a tree of the mahogany family that is native to Australasia and often planted as an ornamental shade tree. It invades along roadways, fencerows and other disturbed areas. Melia azed ... |
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Melinis minutiflora (puakatau) |
Melinus minutiflora is a spreading perennial mat grass originating from Africa. Distinguished by its sticky, strong smelling foliage, it was widely introduced to tropical countries as a fodder grass a ... |
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Merremia tuberosa (Spanish arborvine) |
Merremia tuberosa is a climbing vine that is native to Mexico and parts of central America that has become invasive on various Pacific islands and parts of the United States. The vine overgrows ... |
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Miconia calvescens (miconia) |
Miconia calvescens is a small tree native to rainforests of tropical America where it primarily invades treefall gaps and is uncommon. Miconia is now considered one of the most destructi ... |
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Micropterus salmoides (Northern largemouth bass) |
Micropterus salmoides (bass) has been widely introduced throughout the world due to its appeal as a sport fish and for its tasty flesh. In some places introduced Micropterus salmoides have affected po ... |
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Microstegium vimineum (Japanese stiltgrass) |
Microstegium vimineum is an annual grass native to Asia. It grows quickly, produces abundant seed and easily invades habitats that have been disturbed by natural and anthropogenic sources. Microstegiu ... |
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Mikania micrantha (Bitter Vine) |
Mikania micrantha is a perennial creeping climber known for its vigorous and rampant growth. It grows best where fertility, organic matter, soil moisture and humidity are all high. It damages or kill ... |
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Mimosa diplotricha (giant false sensitive plant) |
Mimosa diplotricha (also referred to in the literature as Mimosa invisa) is a serious weed around the Pacific Rim, where it is the subject of several eradication programmes. Early detection and contro ... |
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Mimosa pigra (bashful plant) |
Mimosa pigra is invasive, especially in parts of South East Asia and Australia. It reproduces via buoyant seed pods that can be spread long distances in flood waters. Mimosa pigra has the potential to ... |
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Mimosa pudica (shameplant) |
Mimosa pudica is native to South America, but has become a pan-tropical weed. It was introduced to many countries as an ornamental plant and is still widely available for sale. Mimosa pudica has becom ... |
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Miscanthus sinensis (Chinese silvergrass) |
Originially introduced from Asia in the nursery trade, Miscanthus sinensis is one of the most common ornamental plants. Its height and fast growth enable it to eclipse native vegetation growing close ... |
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Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Weather loach) |
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a weatherfish native to southeast Asia that has established populations in Europe, Australia, and the United States. It is an important food fish common to aquacul ... |
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Mnemiopsis leidyi (Leidy's comb jelly) |
The ctenophore, Mnemiopsis ledyi, is a major carnivorous predator of edible zooplankton (including meroplankton), pelagic fish eggs and larvae and is associated with fishery crashes. Commonly called t ... |
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Molothrus ater (Brown-headed Cowbird) |
Molothrus ater is a small blackbird that can be found in almost every habitat, open woodlands, fields and marginal habitats in between. It is commonly associated with agriculture (cattle pastures, fe ... |
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Molothrus bonariensis (Shiny Cowbird) |
Molothrus bonariensis (shiny cowbird) is a brood parasite, relying on a host to incubate its eggs and rear its chicks. It is not host-specific, laying eggs in the nests of other species of birds, some ... |
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Monomorium destructor (Singapore ant) |
Monomorium destructor (the Singapore ant) is described as a tramp ant as it is renowned for transporting itself around the world via human commerce and trade. Monomorium destructor is known to cause e ... |
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Monomorium floricola |
The primarily arboreal flower ant (Monomorium floricola) is one of the world's most broadly distributed tramp ants. Most occurrence records of M. floricola are in tropical and sub-tropical regions fro ... |
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Monomorium pharaonis (pharaoh ant) |
Monomorium pharaonis (the pharaoh ant) is native to Africa and has successfully invaded areas on every continent except Antarctica. It is concentrated in tropical regions but is also commonly found i ... |
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Monopterus albus (white ricefield eel) |
Although its impacts are unknown, Monopterus albus' predaceous and generalised feeding habit poses a potential threat to native fish, frogs and aquatic invertebrates. In Florida and Georgia, introduct ... |
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Montia fontana (Fountain miner'slettucer) |
Montia fontana a plant of damp places and shallow water has been introduced to the Falkland Islands where it is widespread and common. ... |
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Morella faya (firetree) |
Morella faya, commonly called the fire tree, is a native to the Azores, Madeira Islands and the Canary Islands. It has been introduced to several places including Hawaii, New Zealand and Australia. Th ... |
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Morone americana (Wreckfish) |
Morone americana is a semi-anadromous fish native the Atlantic Coast, that has made its way into the Great Lakes through the Erie and Welland canals. Dense Morone americana populations compete for foo ... |
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Morus alba (mulberry) |
Morus alba, or white mulberry, is native to China and has become invasive in the United States, Canada, South America, and South Africa. It hybridizes with and replaces red mulberry (Morus r ... |
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Mus musculus (house mouse) |
The house mouse (Mus musculus) probably has a world distribution more extensive than any mammal, apart from humans. Its geographic spread has been facilitated by its commensal relationship with humans ... |
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Arcuatula senhousia (green mussel) |
Musculista senhousia is a small, short-lived mytilid mussel native to east Asia which has successfully spread to New Zealand, Australia, the Mediterranean and the Pacific coast of the USA. It can grow ... |
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Mustela erminea (Ermine) |
Mustela erminea (the stoat) is an intelligent, versatile predator specialising in small mammals and birds. It is fearless in attacking animals larger than itself and adapted to surviving periodic shor ... |
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