This ecoregion is composed of three large areas: the Western Brooks Range, with low, less rugged mountains and less permanent ice; the Eastern Brooks Range/British Range, with higher, more rugged terrain and more permanent ice; and the low Anaktuvuk Pass that separates the two mountainous zones. The strong winds of the major mountain passes are extremely cold. Glaciation, frost, and erosion of steep slopes keep soil from accumulating. Due to the harsh, mountainous terrain and climate of this ecoregion, vegetation cover is sparse and restricted mostly to valleys and lower slopes. Lichens are common and widespread.
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